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Element Folio

Category: Elements & Periodic Table

Element profiles, periodic trends, groups and periodic-table reference guides.

  • Plutonium (Pu): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Plutonium (Pu) has atomic number 94 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes nuclear fuel, radioisotope power systems and defense-related nuclear applications.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 94 Symbol Pu
    Relative atomic mass [244] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Plutonium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Plutonium matters

    In engineering and technology, plutonium is associated with nuclear fuel, radioisotope power systems and defense-related nuclear applications. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of plutonium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Plutonium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Neptunium (Np) · Americium (Am)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Americium (Am): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Americium (Am) has atomic number 95 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes smoke detectors, industrial gauges, neutron sources and nuclear research.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 95 Symbol Am
    Relative atomic mass [243] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Americium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Americium matters

    In engineering and technology, americium is associated with smoke detectors, industrial gauges, neutron sources and nuclear research. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of americium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Americium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Plutonium (Pu) · Curium (Cm)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Curium (Cm): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Curium (Cm) has atomic number 96 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes alpha sources, nuclear research and experimental radioisotope power applications.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 96 Symbol Cm
    Relative atomic mass [247] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Curium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Curium matters

    In engineering and technology, curium is associated with alpha sources, nuclear research and experimental radioisotope power applications. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of curium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Curium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Americium (Am) · Berkelium (Bk)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Berkelium (Bk): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Berkelium (Bk) has atomic number 97 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes research and synthesis of heavier transuranium elements.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 97 Symbol Bk
    Relative atomic mass [247] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Berkelium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Berkelium matters

    In engineering and technology, berkelium is associated with research and synthesis of heavier transuranium elements. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of berkelium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Berkelium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Curium (Cm) · Californium (Cf)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Californium (Cf): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Californium (Cf) has atomic number 98 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes compact neutron sources, reactor startup, neutron activation analysis and well logging.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 98 Symbol Cf
    Relative atomic mass [251] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Californium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Californium matters

    In engineering and technology, californium is associated with compact neutron sources, reactor startup, neutron activation analysis and well logging. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of californium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Californium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Berkelium (Bk) · Einsteinium (Es)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Einsteinium (Es): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Einsteinium (Es) has atomic number 99 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes research and synthesis of heavier elements.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 99 Symbol Es
    Relative atomic mass [252] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Einsteinium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Einsteinium matters

    In engineering and technology, einsteinium is associated with research and synthesis of heavier elements. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of einsteinium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Einsteinium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Californium (Cf) · Fermium (Fm)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Fermium (Fm): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Fermium (Fm) has atomic number 100 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes fundamental nuclear and superheavy-element research.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 100 Symbol Fm
    Relative atomic mass [257] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Fermium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Fermium matters

    In engineering and technology, fermium is associated with fundamental nuclear and superheavy-element research. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of fermium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Fermium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Einsteinium (Es) · Mendelevium (Md)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Mendelevium (Md): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Mendelevium (Md) has atomic number 101 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes fundamental nuclear and atomic research.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 101 Symbol Md
    Relative atomic mass [258] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Mendelevium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Mendelevium matters

    In engineering and technology, mendelevium is associated with fundamental nuclear and atomic research. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of mendelevium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Mendelevium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Fermium (Fm) · Nobelium (No)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Nobelium (No): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Nobelium (No) has atomic number 102 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in f-block series, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes fundamental nuclear and atomic research.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 102 Symbol No
    Relative atomic mass [259] State at room temperature Solid
    Group f-block Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Nobelium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Nobelium matters

    In engineering and technology, nobelium is associated with fundamental nuclear and atomic research. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of nobelium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Nobelium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Mendelevium (Md) · Lawrencium (Lr)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons

  • Lawrencium (Lr): Properties, Uses and Periodic Table Guide

    Periodic Table Guide

    Lawrencium (Lr) has atomic number 103 and is classified as a actinide. It sits in Group 3, period 7 of the periodic table. Its practical relevance includes fundamental research into actinide chemistry and nuclear structure.

    Quick facts

    Atomic number 103 Symbol Lr
    Relative atomic mass [266] State at room temperature Solid
    Group 3 Period 7
    Classification actinide Block f-block

    Position in the periodic table

    Actinides are radioactive f-block metals. Their importance is concentrated in nuclear energy, isotope technology and fundamental research, with radiological protection and material containment central to their handling.

    Lawrencium belongs to period 7. Its position helps explain recurring trends such as atomic size, bonding behavior, oxidation states and the way it interacts with neighboring elements.

    Why Lawrencium matters

    In engineering and technology, lawrencium is associated with fundamental research into actinide chemistry and nuclear structure. The importance of the element may come from the pure element itself, from compounds containing it, or from its role as an alloying, electronic, catalytic or nuclear material.

    Engineering and scientific context

    Material behavior should never be inferred from the element name alone. Purity, isotope composition, crystal structure, processing history, temperature and the surrounding chemical environment can all change performance. In alloys and compounds, the contribution of lawrencium depends on concentration and interaction with the other constituents.

    Safety and handling

    Lawrencium is radioactive, so any practical work involving it requires specialist radiological controls, approved facilities and isotope-specific procedures.

    Related elements

    Scandium (Sc) · Yttrium (Y) · Lutetium (Lu) · Nobelium (No)

    Reference sources

    For authoritative element data and current standard atomic-weight guidance, consult the Royal Society of Chemistry Periodic Table and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements.

    Continue exploring: Periodic Table · Materials Library · Material Properties · Comparisons